The U.S. Marines and the 19th Century :: Marine Corps War Essays

The U.S. Marines and the 19th Century In the beginning of the 21st Century the U.S. Marine Corps stands at a strength of approximately 200,000 personnel. The Marines are also equipped with tanks, helicopters, fixed wing aircraft and specialized ships, manned by the U.S. Navy, to transport them to various destinations. These numbers constitute a larger force than the entire armed forces of many countries and the U.S. Marine Corps is considered the junior service of the U.S. military. The Defense Act of 1947 guaranteed the continuing existence of the Marine Corps as law. All this happened in the 20th century. During the 19th century the Marines not only fought the enemies of this country, foreign and domestic, but had to fight for their very existence. â€Å"In 1806 Marine Corps registers showed a paid strength of only eleven officers and 307 noncommissioned officers and enlisted men. Its main duties at sea focused on guarding against mutinies on U.S. Navy ships. In combat, marines fired their muskets at enemy ships’ officers and crew during battle, formed contingents to board enemy ships or attack enemy shore installations, and repelled enemy boarders. On shore, marines guarded U.S. Navy yards in several American cities.† (With Fidelity and Effectiveness: Archibald Henderson’s Lasting Legacy to the U.S. Marine Corps, Joseph Dawson, p. 271) The early 19th century saw the United States as a small agrarian society trying to build a unified country. After the Revolution the Army, Navy and Marines were disbanded as they were believed to be not needed. No one planned to go to war with anyone and any possible land conflict could be handled by the various state militias. This changed with the influx of pirac y by the French and a few North African Arab kingdoms, commonly called the Barbary pirates. The United States had a thriving mercantile marine that proudly sailed across the world to find new markets. This made them perfect targets. John Adams, the 2nd president, reconstituted the Navy and with that the Marines. New ships were built and sailors and Marines were recruited to man them. They fought against pirates in the Mediterranean and the Caribbean. This had the un-intended effect of preparing them for the 2nd war with Great Britain from 1812 to 1814.

The Haight Ashbury Free Clinic: Internal Control Case Study

According to published reports, what happened at Height Suburb Free Clinic Is typical of the types of employee fraud that happens day In and day out at many organizations. It was nothing overly sophisticated and demonstrated how Insiders who know the peculiarities of differing requirements use their knowledge for their own enrichment. A former SCOFF of the clan took advantage his knowledge that requires nonprofits receiving federal grants to return any unspent money. This money Is supposed to go directly to a federal office.However at the free clinic, authorities claim the SCOFF created an account at a Sacramento bank under a name salary to the federal office. For over two years he had clan workers return these checks. Which he deposited into this account that he actually owned. He allegedly set up several accounts with names similar to legitimate vendors. The SCOFF had payments intended for these legitimate vendors be sent to his dummy corporations and later cashed the same checks. These schemes began in June 2001 and went on for over two years.After the irregularities were uncovered and investigated, the SCOFF was fired ND the case was turned over to prosecutors, who miraculously prosecuted and got a conviction. We say miraculously because white-collar crime is rarely prosecuted. Even more amazing is the fact that he was convicted. He was sentenced on April 30, 2008 to serve four years in prison, make restitution and pay back taxes and fines. Returning checks to anyone besides the intended payee is a break in best-practice procedures. What happened here demonstrates clearly why returning checks to anyone but the payee is such a bad practice.Clearly the process for setting up new endorsed was lax at the clinic. Possible Solutions 1 . Use appropriate segregation of duties including master vendor file responsibilities. 2. Limit access to the master vendor file and require dual approvals before a new vendor is added to the master vendor file. 3. Do some sort of v erification of new vendors, checking TIN and phone numbers to ensure you are not dealing with a phony vendor. Get W-as from every new vendor before making the first payment. Run W-as against the IRS TIN (Taxpayer Identification Number) Matching Program before making the first payment.Check to e If duplicate vendors have the same TIN. Conclusion While very few organizations will employ all the practices described above, the more a corporation Incorporates Into their policy and procedures, the more difficult It Is for a fraudster (either an employee, former employee or someone else) to steal from the company. The Height Suburb Free Clinic: Internal Control Case Study By Saying-Chou Saying Chou According to published reports, what happened at Height Suburb Free Clinic is typical of the types of employee fraud that happens day in and day out at many organizations.It was nothing overly sophisticated and demonstrated how insiders own enrichment. A former SCOFF of the clinic took advantage his knowledge that money is supposed to go directly to a federal office. However at the free clinic, similar to the federal office. For over two years he had clinic workers return these checks, which he deposited into this account that he actually owned. He allegedly set 1 . Use appropriate segregation of duties including master vendor file responsibilities. See if duplicate vendors have the same TIN. A corporation incorporates into their policy and procedures, the more difficult it is for

Battered Women Syndrome - 1311 Words

Domestic violence is often perceived as males projecting physical abuse to female victims which overlooks the psychological abuse that they also experience (Carlson and Worden, 2005). Jill is a domestic violence survivor who filed a restraining order against her husband. Jill remained with her husband despite being abused because she felt threatened to leave the relationship. Her behavior triggered battered-women syndrome. Battered- women syndrome refers to the male batter’s violent behavior patterns towards the female victims and her response towards the abuse (Walker, 1984b). This paper will show that women stay with their abuser due to the post-traumatic stress disorder, learned helplessness, and emotional intelligence. Walker (1991)†¦show more content†¦In addition, these victims may also avoid any uncomfortable thoughts and feelings that are associated with the abuse. Battered victims will socially withdraw themselves from family, friends, and activities they use to enjoy. Walker (1991) indicated that individuals do not seek mental health treatment because they do not have a proper diagnosis of PTSD. Individuals may be in denial that their abusive relationship deeply impacted them psychologically. Without the proper diagnosis, victims believe that their unstable psychological state is common, causing them to stay with the abuser. Learned helplessness increases the likelihood that the battered victim will remain in an abusive relationship. Walker (1991) described learned helplessness as the learned psychological behavior that is shaped by unpleasant encounters. Walker (1991) also compared the behavior of battered victims in relationships with the animals who received shocks in an inescapable setting. Similar to animals, individuals will continue to stay in the inescapable environment because they assume there is no escape. The battered individual will lose motivation to leave the abusive relationship because they unconsciously accept the maltreatment. A study that examined approximately 6,000 women in battered women’s shelters revealed that women are more likely to leave their abuser if theyShow MoreRelatedBattered Women s Syndrome As A Legal Defense4018 Words   |  17 Pagesanalysis, I will attempt to cover the basis of Battered Women’s Syndrome as a legal defense. This will cover the histori cal context of Battered Women’s Syndrome as a legal defense, which will of course require a brief review of what battered women’s syndrome is by using experts in the field, usually psychologists. When reviewing the historical context of such a subversive topic, it is essential to the structure that we look at actual cases involving battered women such as abuse being reported and cases thatRead MoreBattered Women Syndrome Essay8371 Words   |  34 PagesBattered Women Syndrome The Battered Women Syndrome is a series of characteristics in women who are physically and psychologically abused by an important dominant male in their lives. These women learn helplessness and dependency; sometimes these characteristics originate from childhood. According to Dr. Lenore E. Walker, a woman must experience two cycles, before she can be labeled a â€Å"battered woman†. The two cycles are called the â€Å"cycle of violence†. This cycle leads to the feeling thatRead MoreA Cross Sectional Study On Women1648 Words   |  7 PagesStudy Between Battered Women Who Endure and Relinquish Violence Josiah Marie B. Carreon AB Psychology ABSTRACT For the past 30 years, violence had increase against women within abusive relationships, why women stay and endure the pain and why they relinquish violence. Women who are being battered share certain observable characteristics. Speaking with a battered woman should reveal these characteristics and help to identify her as a sufferer of Battered Women Syndrome. INTRODUCTIONRead MoreEssay about Criticisms of Battered Woman Syndrome502 Words   |  3 PagesThe Battered Woman Syndrome (BWM) is a syndrome whereas women react in a certain manner because of repetitively physical or psychological abused imposed on them by their mates. The Battered Woman Syndrome (BMW) is not limited in one area or location it is a problem that is occurring all over in the world (2009, pg. 148). Like every other issue in the world criticism come into play by psychologists and others when someone claims that they are victims of the Battered Woman Syndrome or the Battered WomanRead MoreThe Controversial Concept Of Battered Woman Syndrome1121 Words   |  5 PagesBattered Woman Syndrome The controversial concept of Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS) is a psychological theory that aims to explain the behavior of certain women who suffer abuse from their husbands, partners, or significant others. The theory was first proposed and introduced by Dr. Lenore Walker in the 1970’s based on her clinical observations. It then quickly became a common way to validate criminal behavior of women who were charged with the murder of their partner, however since the syndromeRead MoreDomestic Bias Of Domestic Violence1659 Words   |  7 Pagesprinciple of domestic violence has been altered from general violent or aggressive behavior committed against ones partner, to violence committed by males against females. Over the past forty years, studies and research have constantly found that women and men engage in violence at similar rates. Family Violence Surveys suggest that â€Å"The phenomenon of husband battering† (1977) is as, if not more, common than wife abuse. However, despite the plentiful evidence and studies that support this fact, violenceRead MorePhysical And Psychological And Sexual Abuse980 Words   |  4 Pagesmale or female. It’s a language that only people who have not taken a recollection nor responsibility to the issue at hand. This leads into BWS which is classified as a psychiatric condition named Battered Woman Syndrome. The actual definition of this disease from Wikipedia is â€Å"Battered person syndrome is a physical and psychological condition of a person who has suffered emotional, physical, or sexual abuse from another person†. According to the Psychiatric Times, it has been in the medical fieldRead MoreBattered Wife Syndrome1487 Words   |  6 Pagesillogical. Battered wife syndrome (a condition created by sustained physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse, which creates a variety of physical and emotional symptoms) has been used as a defence in murder cases in which women have killed or harmed their abuser. Although expert testimony regarding battered wife syndrome has gained some acceptance in the courts, it is questionable that it provides enough solid and substantive evidence to be used as a credible defence. The battered wife syndrome defenceRead MoreSuffering with Battered Woman Syndrome 724 Words   |  3 PagesNearly one in four women in the United States reports experiencing violence by a current or former spouse or boyfriend at some point in her life (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2008). As stated in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, â€Å" These are our sisters, mothers, friends, family members, neighbors, and co-workers†.Should women that suffer from â€Å"battered woman s syndrome† be charged with murder for killing there abuser? â€Å"The term battered woman syndrome was introduced inRead MoreGeneral Characteristics of Battered Woman Syndrome1700 Words   |  7 Pages Battered Woman Syndrome An estimated 1.3 million women are victims of physical assault by an intimate partner each year. A surfacing psychological condition known as Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS), develops after experiencing physical and emotional abuse over an extended period of time. BWS has been subcategorized as a form of post-traumatic stress disorder, proving that it is indeed, a very serious and severe condition. Battered Woman Syndrome causes severe, emotional and psychological trauma in